valence shell
Số nhiều: valence shells
Từ liên quan
atomelectronorbitalnucleusprotonneutronchemistryphysicsvalenceshellbondingioncationanionelectronegativityionizationoxidationreductioncovalentionicmetallicmoleculeperiodgroupelementperiodic tablenoble gashalogenalkali metalalkaline earth metaloctetduetstabilityreactivityconfigurationquantumprincipal quantum numbersubshells orbitalp orbitalf orbitalhybridizationlone pairbonding pairvalence electroncore electronelectrostaticattractionrepulsionchargespinelectrophilenucleophilelatticecrystaldipolepolaritybond lengthbond angle